Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 1
Donotknow learned of this, shook off the bull’s hide, took off the bladder, summoned his good horse, and leapt to the field.
Who acts: Donotknow · What happens: learn, shake off, take off, summon, leapt · To what, where: hide, bladder, good horse
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Donotknow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Donotknow | Donotknow | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 learned | nsubj |
| 2 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 this | case |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 learned | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 shook | punct |
| 6 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 learned | conj |
| 7 | off | off | ADP | _ | 11 hide | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 bull | det |
| 9 | bull | bull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hide | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 bull | case |
| 11 | hide | hide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 shook | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 took | punct |
| 13 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 learned | parataxis |
| 14 | off | off | ADP | _ | 13 took | compound:prt |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bladder | det |
| 16 | bladder | bladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 took | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 summoned | punct |
| 18 | summoned | summon | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 took | conj |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 horse | nmod:poss |
| 20 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 horse | amod |
| 21 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 summoned | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 leapt | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 leapt | cc |
| 24 | leapt | leapt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 learned | conj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 field | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 field | det |
| 27 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 leapt | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 learned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | past | Donotknow | of this | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent of this=Topic | ||||
| 2 | shake off | past | Donotknow not said here | the bull's hide | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hide=Patient | ||||
| 3 | take off | past | the bladder | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bladder=Theme | |||||
| 4 | summon | past | Donotknow's good horse | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Recipient | |||||
| 5 | leapt | infinitive | Donotknow not said here | to the field | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/29/1/