Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 11
So he leapt into the open field, dismissed his horse, dressed himself in his oxhide, put the bladder on his head, and began walking up and down the garden like a scarecrow.
Who acts: Donotknow · What happens: leapt, dismiss, dress, put, begin, walk up · To what, where: open field, horse, Donotknow, oxhide, bladder, head
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Donotknow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 leapt | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 leapt | nsubj |
| 3 | leapt | leapt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 field | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 field | det |
| 6 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 field | amod |
| 7 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leapt | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 dismissed | punct |
| 9 | dismissed | dismiss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 leapt | conj |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 horse | nmod:poss |
| 11 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 dismissed | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 dressed | punct |
| 13 | dressed | dress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 leapt | conj |
| 14 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 13 dressed | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 oxhide | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 oxhide | nmod:poss |
| 17 | oxhide | oxhide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 dressed | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 put | punct |
| 19 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 dressed | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bladder | det |
| 21 | bladder | bladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 put | obj |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 head | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 head | nmod:poss |
| 24 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 put | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 began | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 began | cc |
| 27 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 leapt | conj |
| 28 | walking | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 began | xcomp |
| 29 | up | up | ADV | _ | 28 walking | advmod |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 garden | cc |
| 31 | down | down | ADP | _ | 33 garden | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 garden | det |
| 33 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 walking | conj |
| 34 | like | like | ADP | _ | 36 scarecrow | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 scarecrow | det |
| 36 | scarecrow | scarecrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 walking | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leapt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leapt | past | Donotknow | the open field | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | dismiss | past | Donotknow not said here | Donotknow's horse | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | ||||
| 3 | dress | past | Donotknow not said here | Donotknow | Donotknow's oxhide | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient | |||
| 4 | put | infinitive | Donotknow not said here | the bladder | Donotknow's head | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent bladder=Theme on head=Destination | |||
| 5 | begin | past | Donotknow not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | walk up | gerund | Donotknow not said here | like a scarecrow; the garden conj | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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