Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 14
So the King said, “This is Donotknow: I am using him as a scarecrow: he keeps the birds off my apple trees.”
Who acts: King, This, Donotknow · What happens: say, be, use, keep · To what, where: Donotknow, birds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, This, Donotknow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 said | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 King | det |
| 3 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Donotknow | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 Donotknow | punct |
| 7 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 Donotknow | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 Donotknow | cop |
| 9 | Donotknow | Donotknow | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | ccomp |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 using | punct |
| 11 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 using | nsubj |
| 12 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 using | aux |
| 13 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 said | advcl |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 using | obj |
| 15 | as | as | ADP | _ | 17 scarecrow | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 scarecrow | det |
| 17 | scarecrow | scarecrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 using | obl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 keeps | punct |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 keeps | nsubj |
| 20 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | parataxis |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 birds | det |
| 22 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 keeps | obj |
| 23 | off | off | ADP | _ | 26 trees | case |
| 24 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 trees | nmod:poss |
| 25 | apple | apple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 trees | compound |
| 26 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 keeps | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 keeps | punct |
| 28 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 keeps | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the King | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | This | Donotknow | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | use in a quote | present · progressive | the King = king | Donotknow | as a scarecrow | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent he=Duration as scarecrow=Attribute | |||
| 4 | keep in a quote | present | Donotknow | the birds | off my apple trees | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/29/14/