Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 53
Then the eagle shook the Tsar off himself, and he fell into the sea, and he was wetted up to his knees, only the eagle did not let him drown, but supported him on his wing, and asked, “Why, Tsar my lord, why are you frightened?”
Who acts: eagle, stepmother · What happens: shake, fall, wett up, not let, drown, support · To what, where: Tsar, sea, eagle, stepmother, wing, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eagle, stepmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 shook | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 eagle | det |
| 3 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shook | nsubj |
| 4 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Tsar | det |
| 6 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 shook | obj |
| 7 | off | off | ADP | _ | 8 himself | case |
| 8 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 shook | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 fell | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 fell | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 fell | nsubj |
| 12 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 shook | conj |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 sea | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 sea | det |
| 15 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 fell | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 wetted | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 wetted | cc |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 wetted | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 wetted | aux:pass |
| 20 | wetted | wett | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 shook | conj |
| 21 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 wetted | compound:prt |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 knees | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 knees | nmod:poss |
| 24 | knees | knee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 wetted | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 let | punct |
| 26 | only | only | ADV | _ | 31 let | advmod |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 eagle | det |
| 28 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 let | nsubj |
| 29 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 let | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 let | advmod |
| 31 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 shook | conj |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 let | obj |
| 33 | drown | drown | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 let | xcomp |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 supported | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 supported | cc |
| 36 | supported | support | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 shook | parataxis |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 supported | obj |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 40 wing | case |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 wing | nmod:poss |
| 40 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 supported | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 asked | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 asked | cc |
| 43 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 shook | parataxis |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 Why | punct |
| 45 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 Why | punct |
| 46 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 43 asked | advmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 Tsar | punct |
| 48 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Why | nsubj |
| 49 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 lord | nmod:poss |
| 50 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 Tsar | appos |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 frightened | punct |
| 52 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 55 frightened | advmod |
| 53 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 frightened | aux:pass |
| 54 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 55 frightened | nsubj:pass |
| 55 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 48 Tsar | parataxis |
| 56 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 55 frightened | punct |
| 57 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 Why | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shake | past | the eagle | the Tsar | then | off eagle | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent tsar=Theme off himself=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | fall | past | eagle | into the sea result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into sea=Result | ||||
| 3 | wett up | past · passive | eagle | to eagle's knees | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not let | past · do-support | the eagle | stepmother | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | drown | infinitive | stepmother not said here | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | support | past | eagle | eagle's wing | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | ask speech: ask | past | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | frighten in a quote | present · passive | you | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/29/53/