Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 29, sentence 56
And the eagle shook the Tsar off into the middle of the sea, and the Tsar was wetted up to his waist, but the eagle supported him by his wing and asked him, “Why, Tsar my master, why are you frightened?”
Who acts: eagle · What happens: shake off, wett up, support, ask, frighten · To what, where: Tsar, middle, father, eagle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eagle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 shook | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 eagle | det |
| 3 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shook | nsubj |
| 4 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Tsar | det |
| 6 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 shook | obj |
| 7 | off | off | ADP | _ | 4 shook | compound:prt |
| 8 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 middle | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 middle | det |
| 10 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shook | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 sea | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 sea | det |
| 13 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 middle | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 wetted | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 wetted | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Tsar | det |
| 17 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 wetted | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 wetted | aux:pass |
| 19 | wetted | wett | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 shook | conj |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 wetted | compound:prt |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 waist | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 waist | nmod:poss |
| 23 | waist | waist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 wetted | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 supported | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 supported | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 eagle | det |
| 27 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 supported | nsubj |
| 28 | supported | support | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 shook | conj |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 supported | obj |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 wing | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 wing | nmod:poss |
| 32 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 supported | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 asked | cc |
| 34 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 shook | conj |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 asked | iobj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 Why | punct |
| 37 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 Why | punct |
| 38 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 34 asked | parataxis |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 Tsar | punct |
| 40 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Why | nsubj |
| 41 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 master | nmod:poss |
| 42 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 Tsar | appos |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 frightened | punct |
| 44 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 47 frightened | advmod |
| 45 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 frightened | aux:pass |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 47 frightened | nsubj:pass |
| 47 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 Tsar | parataxis |
| 48 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 47 frightened | punct |
| 49 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 Why | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shake off | past | the eagle | the Tsar | the middle of the sea | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tsar=Theme into middle=Destination | |||
| 2 | wett up | past · passive | the Tsar | to eagle's waist | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | support | past | the eagle | father | by eagle's wing | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | past | the eagle not said here | eagle | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | frighten in a quote | present · passive | eagle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/29/56/