Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 3, sentence 4
So the wizard gnashed his teeth, howled, and threw himself on the soldier.
Who acts: wizard · What happens: gnash, howl, throw · To what, where: teeth, wizard, soldier
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wizard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 gnashed | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wizard | det |
| 3 | wizard | wizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gnashed | nsubj |
| 4 | gnashed | gnash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 6 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gnashed | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 howled | punct |
| 8 | howled | howl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gnashed | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 threw | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 threw | cc |
| 11 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gnashed | parataxis |
| 12 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 threw | obj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 soldier | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 soldier | det |
| 15 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 threw | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gnashed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gnash | past | the wizard | wizard's teeth | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | ||||
| 2 | howl | past | the wizard not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | throw | past | wizard | the soldier | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent himself=Theme on soldier=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/3/4/