Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 3, sentence 58
Then the bear laid hold of the foal by the tail, and the foal fell to the ground.
Who acts: bear, foal · What happens: lay, fall, hold · To what, where: hold, foal
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bear, foal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 laid | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 bear | det |
| 3 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laid | nsubj |
| 4 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laid | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 foal | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 foal | det |
| 8 | foal | foal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hold | nmod |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 tail | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 tail | det |
| 11 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laid | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fell | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 fell | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 foal | det |
| 15 | foal | foal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fell | nsubj |
| 16 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laid | conj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 ground | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 ground | det |
| 19 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fell | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay | past | the bear | hold of the foal | then | by the tail | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hold=Theme by tail=Destination | ||
| 2 | fall | past | the foal | to the ground | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hold | the foal | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/3/58/