Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 101
“Ho, old man, have you seen a doughty youth with a fair maiden galloping by?”
Who acts: fair maiden · What happens: see, gallop · To what, where: doughty youth
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fair maiden), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 seen | punct |
| 2 | Ho | Ho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 have | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 man | punct |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 man | amod |
| 5 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Ho | appos |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ho | punct |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 seen | aux |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 have | nsubj |
| 9 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 youth | det |
| 11 | doughty | doughty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 youth | amod |
| 12 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 seen | obj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 maiden | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 maiden | det |
| 15 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 maiden | amod |
| 16 | maiden | maiden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 youth | nmod |
| 17 | galloping | gallop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 maiden | acl |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 galloping | fixed |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 seen | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see in a quote | present · perfect | a doughty youth | with a fair maiden | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer youth=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | gallop in a quote | gerund | a fair maiden not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/30/101/