Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 153
“What shall we do, brothers and comrades? the cold time is approaching: how shall we have warmth?”
Who acts: we · What happens: do, approach, have · To what, where: brothers, warmth
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 do | obj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 do | aux |
| 4 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 do | nsubj |
| 5 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 brothers | punct |
| 7 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 do | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 comrades | cc |
| 9 | comrades | comrade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 brothers | conj |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 15 approaching | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 time | det |
| 12 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 time | amod |
| 13 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 approaching | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 approaching | aux |
| 15 | approaching | approach | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 do | advcl |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 have | punct |
| 17 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 have | advmod |
| 18 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 have | aux |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 have | nsubj |
| 20 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 approaching | conj |
| 21 | warmth | warmth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 have | obj |
| 22 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
| 23 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do in a quote | shall | we | brothers and comrades | What obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | approach in a quote | present · progressive | we not said here | time | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | shall | we | warmth | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warmth=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/30/153/