Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 30, sentence 94
But Vasilísa the Wise, with Iván Tsarévich, was already very far ahead: they were leaping on swift horses without staying, without taking breath.
Who acts: Vasilísa · What happens: leap, stay, take · To what, where: breath
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vasilísa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 2 Vasilísa | cc |
| 2 | Vasilísa | Vasilísa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 leaping | nsubj |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Wise | det |
| 4 | Wise | Wise | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Vasilísa | appos |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Iván | punct |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 Iván | case |
| 7 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Vasilísa | conj |
| 8 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Iván | flat |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Vasilísa | punct |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 leaping | aux |
| 11 | already | already | ADV | _ | 13 far | advmod |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 far | advmod |
| 13 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 leaping | advmod |
| 14 | ahead | ahead | ADV | _ | 13 far | advmod |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 leaping | punct |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 leaping | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 leaping | aux |
| 18 | leaping | leap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 horses | case |
| 20 | swift | swift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 horses | compound |
| 21 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 leaping | obl |
| 22 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 23 staying | mark |
| 23 | staying | stay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 leaping | advcl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 taking | punct |
| 25 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 26 taking | mark |
| 26 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 staying | conj |
| 27 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 taking | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 leaping | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | past · progressive | Vasilísa and Iván | on swift horses; answer nsubj; far property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on horse=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | stay | gerund | Vasilísa and Iván not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | take | gerund | Vasilísa and Iván not said here | breath | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/30/94/