Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 32, sentence 44
So the tanner took the plough, which weighed three hundred _puds_, and harnessed to it the dragon, and drew the harrow all the way from Kíev to the Caspian Sea.
Who acts: tanner, plough · What happens: take, weigh, harness, draw · To what, where: plough, hundred puds, dragon, harrow
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tanner, plough), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 took | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 tanner | det |
| 3 | tanner | tanner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 took | nsubj |
| 4 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 plough | det |
| 6 | plough | plough | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 took | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 weighed | punct |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 weighed | nsubj |
| 9 | weighed | weigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 plough | acl:relcl |
| 10 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 hundred | compound |
| 11 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 puds | nummod |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 puds | punct |
| 13 | puds | pud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 weighed | obj |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 weighed | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 harnessed | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 harnessed | cc |
| 17 | harnessed | harness | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 took | conj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 it | case |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 harnessed | obl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 dragon | det |
| 21 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 harnessed | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 drew | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 drew | cc |
| 24 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 harrow | det |
| 26 | harrow | harrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 drew | obj |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 way | det:predet |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 way | det |
| 29 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 drew | parataxis |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 31 Kíev | case |
| 31 | Kíev | Kíev | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 way | nmod |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 Sea | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Sea | det |
| 34 | Caspian | Caspian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Sea | compound |
| 35 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 way | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the tanner | the plough | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plough=Theme | ||||
| 2 | weigh | past | the plough | hundred puds | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme pud=Value | ||||
| 3 | harness | participle | the tanner not said here | the dragon | plough | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent dragon=Patient to it=Co-Patient | |||
| 4 | draw | past | the tanner not said here | the harrow | all way from Kíev to the Caspian Sea parataxis | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harrow=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/32/44/