Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 32, sentence 87
The old man replied: “Possible it is, but not easy; many go, but few return.”
Who acts: old man, BIRD, many, few · What happens: reply, be, go, return · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, BIRD, many, few), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | nsubj |
| 4 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 Possible | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 Possible | punct |
| 7 | Possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 replied | xcomp |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 Possible | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 Possible | cop |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 easy | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 easy | cc |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 easy | advmod |
| 13 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 replied | parataxis |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 go | punct |
| 15 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 go | nsubj |
| 16 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 easy | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 return | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 return | cc |
| 19 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 return | nsubj |
| 20 | return | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | parataxis |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 return | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | the old man | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | BIRD | possible property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go in a quote | present | many | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | return in a quote | present | few | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/32/87/