Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 33, sentence 131
So he ran up and broke it off, and as soon as he had done it, in that very instant a boisterous wind arose and thunder thundered, and a fearful monster stood in front of him, a formless, winged snake with three heads.
Who acts: merchant, boisterous wind, thunder, fearful monster · What happens: run up, break off, do, arise, thunder, stand · To what, where: walk, formless winged snake, front
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant, boisterous wind, thunder, fearful monster), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 ran | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 ran | nsubj |
| 3 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 ran | compound:prt |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 broke | cc |
| 6 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 ran | conj |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 broke | obj |
| 8 | off | off | ADP | _ | 6 broke | compound:prt |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 done | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 done | cc |
| 11 | as | as | ADV | _ | 12 soon | advmod |
| 12 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 done | advmod |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 16 done | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 done | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 done | aux |
| 16 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 ran | parataxis |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 done | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 instant | punct |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 instant | case |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 instant | nsubj |
| 21 | very | very | ADV | _ | 22 instant | advmod |
| 22 | instant | instant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 done | parataxis |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 wind | det |
| 24 | boisterous | boisterous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 wind | amod |
| 25 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 arose | nsubj |
| 26 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 instant | parataxis |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 thundered | cc |
| 28 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 thundered | nsubj |
| 29 | thundered | thunder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 arose | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 stood | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 stood | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 monster | det |
| 33 | fearful | fearful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 monster | amod |
| 34 | monster | monster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 stood | nsubj |
| 35 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 ran | conj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 front | case |
| 37 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 stood | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 him | case |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 front | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 snake | punct |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 snake | det |
| 42 | formless | formless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 snake | amod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 formless | punct |
| 44 | winged | wing | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 45 snake | amod |
| 45 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 stood | obl |
| 46 | with | with | ADP | _ | 48 heads | case |
| 47 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 48 heads | nummod |
| 48 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 snake | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run up | past | merchant | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | break off | past | merchant not said here | walk | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient | ||||
| 3 | do | past · perfect | merchant | walk | soon property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | arise | past | a boisterous wind | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | thunder | past | thunder | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | stand | past | a fearful monster | a formless winged snake with three heads | front of merchant | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in front=Location | |||
| 7 | wing | participle | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/33/131/