Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 103
So the Cossack leapt from his horse, undid the keg, turned it to the right, and a miraculous palace appeared on the spot: both of them went into the painted rooms and sat on covered chairs.
Who acts: Cossack leapt, miraculous palace, both · What happens: undo, turn, appear, go, paint, sit · To what, where: keg, right, spot, painted rooms, covered chairs
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack leapt, miraculous palace, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 9 undid | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 leapt | det |
| 3 | Cossack | cossack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 leapt | compound |
| 4 | leapt | leapt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 undid | nsubj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 horse | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 horse | nmod:poss |
| 7 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 leapt | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 leapt | punct |
| 9 | undid | undo | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 keg | det |
| 11 | keg | keg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 undid | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 turned | punct |
| 13 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 undid | conj |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 turned | obj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 right | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 right | det |
| 17 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 turned | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 appeared | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 appeared | cc |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 palace | det |
| 21 | miraculous | miraculous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 palace | amod |
| 22 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 appeared | nsubj |
| 23 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 undid | conj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 spot | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 spot | det |
| 26 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 appeared | obl |
| 27 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 31 went | punct |
| 28 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 31 went | nsubj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 them | case |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 both | nmod |
| 31 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 undid | parataxis |
| 32 | into | into | ADP | _ | 35 rooms | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 rooms | det |
| 34 | painted | paint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 rooms | amod |
| 35 | rooms | room | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 went | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 sat | cc |
| 37 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 went | conj |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 40 chairs | case |
| 39 | covered | covered | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 chairs | amod |
| 40 | chairs | chair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 sat | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 undid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | undo | past | the Cossack leapt from leapt's horse | the keg | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent keg=Patient | ||||
| 2 | turn | past | the Cossack leapt from leapt's horse not said here | keg | the right | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme to right=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | appear | past | a miraculous palace | the spot | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on spot=Location | ||||
| 4 | go | past | both of palace | the painted rooms | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into room=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | paint | participle | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | sit | past | both of palace not said here | covered chairs | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on chair=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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