Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 105
Before ever the words were uttered, the servants brought an entire ox and three casks of beer.
Who acts: servants · What happens: utter, bring · To what, where: words, entire ox
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 6 uttered | mark |
| 2 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 6 uttered | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 words | det |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 uttered | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 uttered | aux:pass |
| 6 | uttered | utter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 brought | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 uttered | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 servants | det |
| 9 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 brought | nsubj |
| 10 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 ox | det |
| 12 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 ox | amod |
| 13 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 brought | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 casks | cc |
| 15 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 casks | nummod |
| 16 | casks | cask | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 ox | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 beer | case |
| 18 | beer | beer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 casks | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | utter speech: other | past · passive | the words | ever | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 2 | bring | past | the servants | a entire ox and three casks of beer | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent ox=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/34/105/