Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 5
Then the merchant hung his head, looked at his beloved daughter, and began to shed bitter tears.
Who acts: merchant · What happens: hang, look, begin, shed · To what, where: head, bitter tears
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 hung | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 merchant | det |
| 3 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hung | nsubj |
| 4 | hung | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 head | nmod:poss |
| 6 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hung | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 looked | punct |
| 8 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hung | conj |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 daughter | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 11 | beloved | beloved | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 daughter | amod |
| 12 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 looked | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 began | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 began | cc |
| 15 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 hung | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 shed | mark |
| 17 | shed | shed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 began | xcomp |
| 18 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 tears | amod |
| 19 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 shed | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hung | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hang | past | the merchant | merchant's head | then | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | |||
| 2 | look | past | the merchant not said here | at merchant's beloved daughter | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at daughter=Theme | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | the merchant not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | shed | to-infinitive | the merchant not said here | bitter tears | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tear=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/34/5/