Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 62
So the Cossack went to look for the Kingdom of Tin; much time went by, much water flowed in the river, and at the end of the seventh year he at last reached a steep mountain, and on that mountain stood a castle of tin, and around the castle was a lofty white stone wall.
Who acts: Cossack · What happens: go, look, flow, reach, stand, be · To what, where: much water, river, steep mountain, end, castle, mountain
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Cossack | det |
| 3 | Cossack | cossack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 look | mark |
| 6 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 went | xcomp |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 Kingdom | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Kingdom | det |
| 9 | Kingdom | Kingdom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 look | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Tin | case |
| 11 | Tin | Tin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Kingdom | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
| 13 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 time | amod |
| 14 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 went | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 water | case |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 by | punct |
| 18 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 water | amod |
| 19 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 went | obl |
| 20 | flowed | flow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 water | acl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 river | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 river | det |
| 23 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flowed | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 reached | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 reached | cc |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 28 end | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 end | det |
| 28 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 reached | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 year | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 year | det |
| 31 | seventh | seventh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 year | amod |
| 32 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 end | nmod |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 reached | nsubj |
| 34 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 last | case |
| 35 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 he | nmod |
| 36 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 mountain | det |
| 38 | steep | steep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 mountain | amod |
| 39 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 reached | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 stood | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 stood | cc |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 44 mountain | case |
| 43 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 44 mountain | det |
| 44 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 stood | obl |
| 45 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 castle | det |
| 47 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 stood | obj |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 tin | case |
| 49 | tin | tin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 castle | nmod |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 wall | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 wall | cc |
| 52 | around | around | ADP | _ | 54 castle | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 castle | det |
| 54 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 wall | obl |
| 55 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 60 wall | cop |
| 56 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 60 wall | det |
| 57 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 wall | amod |
| 58 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 wall | amod |
| 59 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 wall | compound |
| 60 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 stood | obl |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the Cossack | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | look | to-infinitive | the Cossack not said here | for the Kingdom of Tin | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for kingdom=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | past | the Cossack not said here | time | by much water | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by water=Location | |||
| 4 | flow | participle | much water not said here | the river | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in river=Location | ||||
| 5 | reach | past | Cossack | a steep mountain | at the end of the seventh year | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent mountain=Theme at end=Asset | |||
| 6 | stand | past | the Cossack not said here | a castle of tin | that mountain | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent castle=Theme on mountain=Destination | |||
| 7 | is a | past | a lofty white stone wall | the castle | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/34/62/