Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 65
The Cossack stabled his horse, went into the palace, and began looking at the rooms: there were looking-glasses all about, silver and velvet, but never a soul of a man to be seen.
Who acts: Cossack · What happens: stable, go, begin, look, be, see · To what, where: horse, palace, glasses, soul
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Cossack | det |
| 2 | Cossack | cossack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stabled | nsubj |
| 3 | stabled | stable | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 horse | nmod:poss |
| 5 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stabled | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
| 7 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stabled | conj |
| 8 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 palace | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 palace | det |
| 10 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 went | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 began | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 began | cc |
| 13 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stabled | conj |
| 14 | looking | look | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 began | xcomp |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 rooms | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rooms | det |
| 17 | rooms | room | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 looking | obl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 were | punct |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 20 were | expl |
| 20 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stabled | conj |
| 21 | looking | look | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 were | xcomp |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 glasses | punct |
| 23 | glasses | glass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 looking | obl |
| 24 | all | all | ADV | _ | 25 about | advmod |
| 25 | about | about | ADV | _ | 23 glasses | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 silver | punct |
| 27 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 glasses | conj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 velvet | cc |
| 29 | velvet | velvet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 silver | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 seen | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 seen | cc |
| 32 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 34 soul | advmod |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 soul | det |
| 34 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 seen | nsubj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 man | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 man | det |
| 37 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 soul | nmod |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 seen | mark |
| 39 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 40 seen | aux:pass |
| 40 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 were | advcl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stabled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stable | past | the Cossack | Cossack's horse | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: agent=Theme horse=Destination | ||||
| 2 | go | past | the Cossack not said here | the palace | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into palace=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | the Cossack not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | look | gerund | the Cossack not said here | at the rooms | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at room=Theme | ||||
| 5 | be | past | the Cossack not said here | there | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | look | gerund | the Cossack not said here | glasses and silver and velvet | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | see | to-infinitive · passive | a soul of a man | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/34/65/