Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 7
He gave her the blossom and told what had befallen him.
Who acts: merchant · What happens: give, tell, befall · To what, where: blossom, daughter, merchant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 gave | nsubj |
| 2 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 gave | iobj |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 blossom | det |
| 5 | blossom | blossom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 gave | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 told | cc |
| 7 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 gave | conj |
| 8 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 befallen | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 befallen | aux |
| 10 | befallen | befall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 told | ccomp |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 befallen | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | merchant | the blossom | daughter | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient blossom=Theme | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | merchant not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | befall | past · perfect · passive | merchant | what nsubj:pass | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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