Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 35, sentence 118
Then the rich man began to think: “Lord, I have spent much on corn, and it has all been in vain, and my debtors have all neither ploughed nor sown, and their corn grows of itself.
Who acts: rich man, corn, debtors · What happens: begin, think, spend, be, have, plough · To what, where: Lord, corn · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rich man, corn, debtors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 began | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 3 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 man | amod |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 began | nsubj |
| 5 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 think | mark |
| 7 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 began | xcomp |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 Lord | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Lord | punct |
| 10 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 think | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 spent | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 spent | nsubj |
| 13 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 spent | aux |
| 14 | spent | spend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 Lord | acl |
| 15 | much | much | ADV | _ | 14 spent | advmod |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 corn | case |
| 17 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 spent | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 vain | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 vain | cc |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 vain | nsubj |
| 21 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 vain | aux |
| 22 | all | all | ADV | _ | 25 vain | advmod |
| 23 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 vain | cop |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 vain | case |
| 25 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 began | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 have | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 have | cc |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 debtors | nmod:poss |
| 29 | debtors | debtor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 have | nsubj |
| 30 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 began | parataxis |
| 31 | all | all | ADV | _ | 33 ploughed | advmod |
| 32 | neither | neither | ADV | _ | 33 ploughed | advmod |
| 33 | ploughed | plough | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 have | xcomp |
| 34 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 35 sown | cc |
| 35 | sown | sow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 ploughed | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 grows | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 grows | cc |
| 38 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 corn | nmod:poss |
| 39 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 grows | nsubj |
| 40 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 have | conj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 itself | case |
| 42 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 40 grows | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the rich man | then | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | the rich man not said here | Lord | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | spend in a quote | present · perfect | the rich man = man | Lord not said here | on corn goal | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent lord=Asset on corn=Goal | |||
| 4 | is in a quote | present · perfect | corn | all, vain property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | have in a quote | present | my debtors | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | plough in a quote | participle | my debtors not said here | all, neither property | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | sow in a quote | participle | my debtors not said here | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | grow in a quote | present | debtors's corn | of corn | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/35/118/