Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 35, sentence 162
So the peasant sang and sang, and he heard two voices.
Who acts: peasant · What happens: sing, hear · To what, where: two voices
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peasant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 sang | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 peasant | det |
| 3 | peasant | peasant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sang | nsubj |
| 4 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 sang | cc |
| 6 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sang | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 heard | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 heard | cc |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 heard | nsubj |
| 10 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sang | conj |
| 11 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 voices | nummod |
| 12 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 heard | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express | past | the peasant | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | |||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | past | the peasant not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | hear | past | peasant | two voices | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/35/162/