Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 35, sentence 31
He went into the rich man’s _izbá_,[52] bowed down, besought him by his name and his father’s name, and asked him for the loan of three pecks of malt, as he wanted to brew beer for the festival.
Who acts: man, father · What happens: go, bow down, beseech, ask, want, brew · To what, where: 52, izbá, man, beer, three pecks
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 35. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 9 izbá | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 man | det |
| 5 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 man | amod |
| 6 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 izbá | nmod:poss |
| 7 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 6 man | case |
| 8 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 izbá | punct |
| 9 | izbá | izbá | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 went | obl |
| 10 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 52 | punct |
| 12 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 13 52 | punct |
| 13 | 52 | 52 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 went | obl |
| 14 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 13 52 | punct |
| 15 | bowed | bow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 52 | acl |
| 16 | down | down | ADP | _ | 15 bowed | compound:prt |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 besought | punct |
| 18 | besought | beseech | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 besought | obj |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 name | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 name | nmod:poss |
| 22 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 besought | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 name | cc |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 father | nmod:poss |
| 25 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 name | nmod:poss |
| 26 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 25 father | case |
| 27 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 name | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 asked | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 asked | cc |
| 30 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | parataxis |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 asked | iobj |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 loan | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 loan | det |
| 34 | loan | loan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 asked | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 pecks | case |
| 36 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 pecks | nummod |
| 37 | pecks | peck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 loan | nmod |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 malt | case |
| 39 | malt | malt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 pecks | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 wanted | punct |
| 41 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 43 wanted | mark |
| 42 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 wanted | nsubj |
| 43 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 asked | parataxis |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 brew | mark |
| 45 | brew | brew | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 wanted | xcomp |
| 46 | beer | beer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 brew | obj |
| 47 | for | for | ADP | _ | 49 festival | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 festival | det |
| 49 | festival | festival | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 brew | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | man | 52 | the rich man's izbá | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into izbá=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | bow down | participle | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | beseech | past | man not said here | man | by man's name and man's father's name | tree rules | |||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | past | man | for the loan of three pecks of malt | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | want | past | man | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | brew not said to happen | to-infinitive | man not said here | beer | for the festival | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent beer=Product for festival=Beneficiary | |||
| 7 | name | man | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | name | man's father | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | loan | three pecks of malt | nom loan «possession transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/35/31/