Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 36, sentence 16
So he took his sleigh and his carriage, drove them to the inn, and drank them with Sorrow.
Who acts: peasant · What happens: take, drive, drink · To what, where: sleigh, inn
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peasant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 took | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 took | nsubj |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 sleigh | nmod:poss |
| 5 | sleigh | sleigh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 carriage | cc |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 carriage | nmod:poss |
| 8 | carriage | carriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sleigh | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 drove | punct |
| 10 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 drove | obj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 inn | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 inn | det |
| 14 | inn | inn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 drove | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 drank | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 drank | cc |
| 17 | drank | drink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 drank | obj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 Sorrow | case |
| 20 | Sorrow | Sorrow | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 drank | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | peasant | peasant's sleigh and peasant's carriage | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleigh=Theme | ||||
| 2 | drive | past | peasant not said here | sleigh | the inn | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme to inn=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | drink | past | peasant not said here | sleigh | with Sorrow | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/36/16/