Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 36, sentence 83
He went into his courtyard, cut two oak wedges, took a new wheel, and knocked one wedge from one end into the axle.
Who acts: Sorrow · What happens: go, cut, take, knock · To what, where: courtyard, two oak wedges, new wheel, one wedge, one end
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sorrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 5 courtyard | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 courtyard | nmod:poss |
| 5 | courtyard | courtyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 went | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 cut | punct |
| 7 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | parataxis |
| 8 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 wedges | nummod |
| 9 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 wedges | compound |
| 10 | wedges | wedge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cut | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 took | punct |
| 12 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | parataxis |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 wheel | det |
| 14 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 wheel | amod |
| 15 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 took | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 knocked | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 knocked | cc |
| 18 | knocked | knock | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 took | conj |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 wedge | nummod |
| 20 | wedge | wedge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 knocked | obj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 end | case |
| 22 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 end | nummod |
| 23 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 knocked | obl |
| 24 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 axle | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 axle | det |
| 26 | axle | axle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 knocked | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Sorrow | Sorrow's courtyard | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into courtyard=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | cut | infinitive | two oak wedges | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wedge=Product | |||||
| 3 | take | past | a new wheel | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme | |||||
| 4 | knock | past | one wedge | from one end | into the axle | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent wedge=Theme from end=Initial_Location into axle=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/36/83/