Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 36, sentence 9
Next day Sorrow groaned and said he had a headache, a fearful headache, owing to last night’s treat.
Who acts: Sorrow, fearful headache · What happens: groan, say, have, owe · To what, where: headache, treat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sorrow, fearful headache), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 day | amod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 groaned | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | Sorrow | Sorrow | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 groaned | nsubj |
| 4 | groaned | groan | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 said | cc |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 groaned | conj |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 had | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 said | ccomp |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 headache | det |
| 10 | headache | headache | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 had | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 headache | punct |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 headache | det |
| 13 | fearful | fearful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 headache | amod |
| 14 | headache | headache | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 headache | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 owing | punct |
| 16 | owing | owe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 headache | acl |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 treat | case |
| 18 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 night | amod |
| 19 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 treat | nmod:poss |
| 20 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 19 night | case |
| 21 | treat | treat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 owing | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 groaned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | groan | past | Sorrow | day | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Sorrow not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | have | past | Sorrow | a headache and a fearful headache | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent headache=Patient | ||||
| 4 | owe | gerund | a fearful headache not said here | to last night's treat goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to treat=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/36/9/