Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 137
It was all in vain for the merchant to try to overtake the two knights.
Who acts: horse · What happens: be, try, overtake · To what, where: two knights
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 vain | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 vain | cop |
| 3 | all | all | ADV | _ | 5 vain | advmod |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 vain | case |
| 5 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 merchant | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 merchant | det |
| 8 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 vain | obl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 try | mark |
| 10 | try | try | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 merchant | acl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 overtake | mark |
| 12 | overtake | overtake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 try | xcomp |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 knights | det |
| 14 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 knights | nummod |
| 15 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 overtake | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 vain | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | horse | for the merchant; all, vain property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | try | to-infinitive | horse not said here | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | overtake not said to happen | to-infinitive | horse not said here | the two knights | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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