Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 139
We poor folk have no one to cook our food or to do the washing.
Who acts: We · What happens: have, cook, do · To what, where: one, food, washing
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 have | nsubj |
| 2 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 folk | amod |
| 3 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 We | conj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 6 one | det |
| 6 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 have | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 cook | mark |
| 8 | cook | cook | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 one | acl |
| 9 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 food | nmod:poss |
| 10 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cook | obj |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 13 do | cc |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 do | mark |
| 13 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 cook | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 washing | det |
| 15 | washing | washing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 do | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | We | no one | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | ||||
| 2 | cook | to-infinitive | We not said here | our food | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient | ||||
| 3 | do | to-infinitive | We not said here | the washing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent washing=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/38/139/