Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 31
[59] “For I have sworn,” she said, “to marry him who sets me a riddle I cannot solve: but if I guess it, then he must die.”
Who acts: Anna, Tsarévich · What happens: swear, say, marry, set, not solve, guess · To what, where: 59, Tsarévich, Anna, riddle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Anna, Tsarévich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 59 | punct |
| 2 | 59 | 59 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 said | obl |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 59 | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 5 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 8 sworn | mark |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 sworn | nsubj |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sworn | aux |
| 8 | sworn | swear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 said | advcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sworn | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 sworn | punct |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 said | nsubj |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 marry | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 marry | punct |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 marry | mark |
| 16 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 marry | obj |
| 18 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 sets | nsubj |
| 19 | sets | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 marry | parataxis |
| 20 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 sets | obj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 riddle | det |
| 22 | riddle | riddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 sets | obj |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 solve | nsubj |
| 24 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 solve | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 solve | advmod |
| 26 | solve | solve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 riddle | acl:relcl |
| 27 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 37 die | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 die | cc |
| 29 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 31 guess | mark |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 guess | nsubj |
| 31 | guess | guess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 die | advcl |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 guess | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 guess | punct |
| 34 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 37 die | advmod |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 die | nsubj |
| 36 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 die | aux |
| 37 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 37 die | punct |
| 39 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 die | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swear in a quote | present · perfect | Anna | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Anna | 59 | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | marry in a quote | to-infinitive | Tsarévich | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | |||||
| 4 | set in a quote | present | Anna | who nsubj; a riddle obj | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent i=Theme riddle=Destination | ||||
| 5 | not solve in a quote | can | Anna | a riddle not said here | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent riddle=Topic | ||||
| 6 | guess a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | Anna | riddle | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 7 | die in a quote | must | Tsarévich | then | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/38/31/