Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 4
So they called Iván Tsarévich, and said to him: “If we die, always follow Katomá’s advice, and do well by him, then you will live happily; but if you do not, you will falter and fail like a fly.”
Who acts: Tsar, we, you · What happens: call, say, die, follow, do, live · To what, where: Iván Tsarévich, Tsarévich, advice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, we, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 called | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Tsarévich | compound |
| 5 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 said | cc |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 called | conj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 him | case |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 said | obl |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 follow | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 follow | punct |
| 13 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 die | mark |
| 14 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 die | nsubj |
| 15 | die | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 follow | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 die | punct |
| 17 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 18 follow | advmod |
| 18 | follow | follow | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | parataxis |
| 19 | Katomá | Katomá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 advice | nmod:poss |
| 20 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 19 Katomá | case |
| 21 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 follow | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 do | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 do | cc |
| 24 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 18 follow | conj |
| 25 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 do | advmod |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 him | case |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 do | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 live | punct |
| 29 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 32 live | advmod |
| 30 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 live | nsubj |
| 31 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 live | aux |
| 32 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 follow | conj |
| 33 | happily | happily | ADV | _ | 32 live | advmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 falter | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 43 falter | cc |
| 36 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 38 do | mark |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 do | nsubj |
| 38 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 falter | advcl |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 do | advmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 do | punct |
| 41 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 43 falter | nsubj |
| 42 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 falter | aux |
| 43 | falter | falter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 called | parataxis |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 fail | cc |
| 45 | fail | fail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 falter | conj |
| 46 | like | like | ADP | _ | 48 fly | case |
| 47 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 fly | det |
| 48 | fly | fly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 fail | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 43 falter | punct |
| 50 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 43 falter | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call speech: assert | past | Tsar | Iván Tsarévich | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Tsar not said here | Tsarévich | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | die a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | we | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | follow in a quote | infinitive | Katomá's advice | always property | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme | ||||
| 5 | do in a quote | infinitive | by Tsarévich; well property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | live in a quote | future | you | then | happily property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 7 | not do a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | falter in a quote | future | you | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | fail in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | like a fly | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/38/4/