Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 56
Katomá went up to him, and as soon as ever he had swung himself on to the horse’s back the steed rose high into the air, higher than the tree-tops in the forest, lower than the clouds in heaven.
Who acts: Katomá, steed · What happens: go up, swing on, be · To what, where: husband, Katomá, air
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Katomá, steed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Katomá | Katomá | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 went | compound:prt |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 swung | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 swung | cc |
| 8 | as | as | ADV | _ | 9 soon | advmod |
| 9 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 swung | advmod |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 11 ever | case |
| 11 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 9 soon | obl |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 swung | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 swung | aux |
| 14 | swung | swing | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 went | parataxis |
| 15 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 swung | obj |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 swung | compound:prt |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 horse | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 horse | det |
| 19 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 swung | obl |
| 20 | ’s | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 rose | cop |
| 21 | back | back | ADV | _ | 24 rose | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 steed | det |
| 23 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rose | nsubj |
| 24 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 25 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 rose | advmod |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 air | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 air | det |
| 28 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rose | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 higher | punct |
| 30 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 24 rose | parataxis |
| 31 | than | than | ADP | _ | 35 tops | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 tops | det |
| 33 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 tops | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 tree | punct |
| 35 | tops | top | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 higher | obl |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 forest | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 forest | det |
| 38 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 tops | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 lower | punct |
| 40 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 30 higher | conj |
| 41 | than | than | ADP | _ | 43 clouds | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 clouds | det |
| 43 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 lower | obl |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 45 heaven | case |
| 45 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 clouds | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go up | past | Katomá | husband | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | swing on | past · perfect | Katomá | Katomá | ever | to the horse result; soon property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Theme to horse=Result | ||
| 3 | is | present | the steed | the air | high, rise property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/38/56/