Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 38, sentence 65
When he mounts, kneel down with your hoofs on the ground, and step under him with a heavy tread as if you were bearing a burdensome load.”
Who acts: servant, you · What happens: mount, kneel down, step, bear · To what, where: burdensome load
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servant, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 mounts | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 mounts | nsubj |
| 3 | mounts | mount | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 kneel | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 kneel | punct |
| 5 | kneel | kneel | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | down | down | ADV | _ | 5 kneel | advmod |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 hoofs | case |
| 8 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 hoofs | nmod:poss |
| 9 | hoofs | hoof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 kneel | obl |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 ground | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 ground | det |
| 12 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hoofs | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 step | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 step | cc |
| 15 | step | step | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 kneel | parataxis |
| 16 | under | under | ADP | _ | 17 him | case |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 step | obl |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 tread | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 tread | det |
| 20 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 tread | amod |
| 21 | tread | tread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 step | obl |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 26 bearing | mark |
| 23 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 26 bearing | mark |
| 24 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 bearing | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 bearing | aux |
| 26 | bearing | bear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 step | advcl |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 load | det |
| 28 | burdensome | burdensome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 load | amod |
| 29 | load | load | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bearing | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 kneel | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 kneel | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mount | present | servant | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | kneel down | imperative | you not said here | with your hoofs on the ground; down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | step | infinitive | under servant; with a heavy tread | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under he=Trajectory | |||||
| 4 | bear | past · progressive | you | a burdensome load | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/38/65/