Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 46
Danílo seized him by his beard and began to beat him on to the grey earth.
Who acts: Danílo · What happens: seize, begin, beat on · To what, where: sea, grey earth
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Danílo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Danílo | Danílo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 seized | nsubj |
| 2 | seized | seize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 seized | obj |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 6 beard | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 beard | nmod:poss |
| 6 | beard | beard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 seized | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 began | cc |
| 8 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 seized | conj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 beat | mark |
| 10 | beat | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 began | xcomp |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 beat | obj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 beat | compound:prt |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 earth | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 earth | det |
| 15 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 earth | amod |
| 16 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 beat | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 seized | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seize | past | Danílo | sea | by sea's beard | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 2 | begin | past | Danílo not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | beat on | to-infinitive | Danílo not said here | sea | the grey earth | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Patient to earth=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/46/