Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 5
How is it possible for a grey, hoary old peasant like me to possess a golden stirrup?”
Who acts: little, me · What happens: be, possess · To what, where: golden stirrup
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 possible | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 possible | cop |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 possible | nsubj |
| 4 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 peasant | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 peasant | det |
| 7 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 peasant | amod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 grey | punct |
| 9 | hoary | hoary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 peasant | amod |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 peasant | amod |
| 11 | peasant | peasant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 possible | obl |
| 12 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 15 possess | mark |
| 13 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 possess | nsubj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 possess | mark |
| 15 | possess | possess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 peasant | acl |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 stirrup | det |
| 17 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 stirrup | amod |
| 18 | stirrup | stirrup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 possess | obj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 possible | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 possible | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | little | for a grey hoary old peasant; possible property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | possess | to-infinitive | me | a golden stirrup | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot stirrup=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/5/