Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 58
Then twelve youths appeared, all of them carpenters, sawyers, stone-hewers; and they set to work, and the house was soon ready.
Who acts: twelve youths, all, youths, house · What happens: appear, carpenter, set, work, be
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twelve youths, all, youths, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 appeared | advmod |
| 2 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 youths | nummod |
| 3 | youths | youth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 appeared | nsubj |
| 4 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 carpenters | punct |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 carpenters | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 them | case |
| 8 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 all | nmod |
| 9 | carpenters | carpenter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 appeared | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sawyers | punct |
| 11 | sawyers | sawyer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 carpenters | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hewers | punct |
| 13 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hewers | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 stone | punct |
| 15 | hewers | hewer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 carpenters | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 set | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 set | cc |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 set | nsubj |
| 19 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 appeared | conj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 work | mark |
| 21 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 set | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 ready | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 ready | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 house | det |
| 25 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 ready | nsubj |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 ready | cop |
| 27 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 28 ready | advmod |
| 28 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 appeared | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 appeared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | past | twelve youths | then | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | carpenter | all of youths | sawyers conj; stone hewers conj | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | set | present | youths = youth | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | work | to-infinitive | youths = youth not said here | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | past | the house | ready, soon property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/58/