Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 65
And the twelve youths appeared and asked, “Swan-bird, fair maiden, what do you bid us do?”
Who acts: twelve youths, you · What happens: appear, ask, bid, do · To what, where: fair maiden · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twelve youths, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 appeared | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 youths | det |
| 3 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 youths | nummod |
| 4 | youths | youth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 appeared | nsubj |
| 5 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 asked | cc |
| 7 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 appeared | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 bird | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 bird | punct |
| 10 | Swan | swan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 bird | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Swan | punct |
| 12 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | ccomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 maiden | punct |
| 14 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 maiden | amod |
| 15 | maiden | maiden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 appeared | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 bid | punct |
| 17 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 20 bid | obj |
| 18 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 bid | aux |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 bid | nsubj |
| 20 | bid | bid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 maiden | acl:relcl |
| 21 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 bid | obj |
| 22 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 bid | xcomp |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 22 do | punct |
| 24 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 maiden | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | past | the twelve youths | fair maiden | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | the twelve youths not said here | Swan bird ccomp | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | bid in a quote | present · do-support | you | fair maiden | us obj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | do in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/65/