Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 73
Danílo took the silver staff and hied away, and she again stayed him on his course, and she gave him three little eggs, two of silver, one of gold, and said, “With the silver eggs give the Easter greeting to the Prince and the Princess, but the golden one keep and live your life along with it.”
Who acts: Danílo, bottom, silver eggs · What happens: take, hie away, stay, give, say, live · To what, where: silver staff, DANÍLO, course, three little eggs, Easter greeting, Prince · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Danílo, bottom, silver eggs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Danílo | Danílo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 staff | det |
| 4 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 staff | compound |
| 5 | staff | staff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 hied | cc |
| 7 | hied | hie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 took | conj |
| 8 | away | away | ADV | _ | 7 hied | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 stayed | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 stayed | cc |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 stayed | nsubj |
| 12 | again | again | ADV | _ | 13 stayed | advmod |
| 13 | stayed | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 took | conj |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 stayed | obj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 course | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 course | nmod:poss |
| 17 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 stayed | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 gave | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 gave | cc |
| 20 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 gave | nsubj |
| 21 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 took | conj |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 gave | iobj |
| 23 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 eggs | nummod |
| 24 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 eggs | amod |
| 25 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 gave | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 two | punct |
| 27 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 eggs | appos |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 silver | case |
| 29 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 two | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 one | punct |
| 31 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 two | conj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 gold | case |
| 33 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 one | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 said | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 said | cc |
| 36 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 took | parataxis |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 give | punct |
| 38 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 43 give | punct |
| 39 | With | with | SCONJ | _ | 43 give | mark |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 eggs | det |
| 41 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 eggs | compound |
| 42 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 give | nsubj |
| 43 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 said | ccomp |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 greeting | det |
| 45 | Easter | Easter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 greeting | compound |
| 46 | greeting | greeting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 give | obj |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 49 Prince | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 Prince | det |
| 49 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 give | obl |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 Princess | cc |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 Princess | det |
| 52 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 Prince | conj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 keep | punct |
| 54 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 58 keep | cc |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 keep | det |
| 56 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 keep | amod |
| 57 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 keep | compound |
| 58 | keep | keep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 give | parataxis |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 live | cc |
| 60 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 58 keep | conj |
| 61 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 62 life | nmod:poss |
| 62 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 live | obj |
| 63 | along | along | ADP | _ | 65 it | case |
| 64 | with | with | ADP | _ | 65 it | case |
| 65 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 live | obl |
| 66 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 took | punct |
| 67 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Danílo | the silver staff | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent staff=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hie away | participle | Danílo not said here | away property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | stay | past | bottom | DANÍLO = danílo | DANÍLO's course | again | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme he=Location | ||
| 4 | give | past | bottom | three little eggs | DANÍLO = danílo | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient egg=Theme | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 6 | give in a quote | present | the silver eggs | the Easter greeting | the Prince and the Princess | the golden one keep parataxis | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent greeting=Theme to prince=Recipient | ||
| 7 | live in a quote | infinitive | the silver eggs not said here | your life | along life | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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