Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 81
They all gave to him; only Danílo the Unfortunate alone said and thought, “What shall I give him?
Who acts: lions, Danílo · What happens: give, say, think · To what, where: Alyósha, DANÍLO · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lions, Danílo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | nsubj |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 gave | advmod |
| 3 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | obl |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 Danílo | punct |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 Danílo | advmod |
| 8 | Danílo | Danílo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Unfortunate | det |
| 10 | Unfortunate | Unfortunate | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Danílo | appos |
| 11 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 12 said | advmod |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gave | parataxis |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 thought | cc |
| 14 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 give | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 give | punct |
| 17 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 20 give | obj |
| 18 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 give | aux |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 give | nsubj |
| 20 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 thought | ccomp |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 give | iobj |
| 22 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | lions = lion | Alyósha | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Danílo | alone property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | think speech: other | past | Danílo not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | give in a quote | shall | Danílo | DANÍLO = danílo | What obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/81/