Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 88
But Danílo said, “If you know my wife you may cut off my head; and, if you do not know her, you shall forfeit your own.”
Who acts: Danílo, you · What happens: say, know, cut off, not know, forfeit · To what, where: wife, head, own · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Danílo, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Danílo | Danílo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cut | punct |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 cut | punct |
| 6 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 know | mark |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 know | nsubj |
| 8 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 cut | advcl |
| 9 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 wife | nmod:poss |
| 10 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 know | obj |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 13 cut | nsubj |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 cut | aux |
| 13 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 14 | off | off | ADP | _ | 13 cut | compound:prt |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 head | nmod:poss |
| 16 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cut | obj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 forfeit | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 forfeit | cc |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 and | punct |
| 20 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 know | mark |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 know | nsubj |
| 22 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 know | aux |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 know | advmod |
| 24 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 forfeit | advcl |
| 25 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 know | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 know | punct |
| 27 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 29 forfeit | nsubj |
| 28 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 forfeit | aux |
| 29 | forfeit | forfeit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 30 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 own | nmod:poss |
| 31 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 forfeit | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 forfeit | punct |
| 33 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 forfeit | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Danílo | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | know a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | you | my wife | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer wife=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | cut off in a quote | may | you | my head | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector head=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | not know a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present · do-support | you | wife | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | forfeit in a quote | shall | you | your own | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent own=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/88/