Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 20
In Russian folk-tale there is nothing incongruous in a man having as his sons a boy, a crow and a hawk or an eagle: or as in ‘_Márya Morévna_,’ where the marriage of Iván with a beautiful princess and of his two sisters with the eagle and the crow are all of them equally plausible.
Who acts: nothing, man, Márya · What happens: be, have, marry · To what, where: Russian folk tale, Iván
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nothing, man, Márya), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 5 tale | case |
| 2 | Russian | Russian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 tale | amod |
| 3 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tale | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 folk | punct |
| 5 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 is | obl |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 is | expl |
| 7 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 7 is | nsubj |
| 9 | incongruous | incongruous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 nothing | amod |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 man | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 man | det |
| 12 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 incongruous | obl |
| 13 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 man | acl |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 16 sons | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 sons | nmod:poss |
| 16 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 having | obl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 boy | det |
| 18 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sons | appos |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 crow | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 crow | det |
| 21 | crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 boy | conj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 hawk | cc |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 hawk | det |
| 24 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 boy | conj |
| 25 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 27 eagle | cc |
| 26 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 eagle | det |
| 27 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 boy | conj |
| 28 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 64 plausible | punct |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 64 plausible | cc |
| 30 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 64 plausible | mark |
| 31 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 64 plausible | mark |
| 32 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 64 plausible | punct |
| 33 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 34 Márya | punct |
| 34 | Márya | Márya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 64 plausible | nsubj |
| 35 | Morévna | Morévna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Márya | flat |
| 36 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 34 Márya | punct |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 plausible | punct |
| 38 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 64 plausible | punct |
| 39 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 64 plausible | advmod |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 marriage | det |
| 41 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 plausible | nsubj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 Iván | case |
| 43 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 marriage | nmod |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 47 princess | case |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 princess | det |
| 46 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 princess | amod |
| 47 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 marriage | nmod |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 sisters | cc |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 sisters | case |
| 50 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 sisters | nmod:poss |
| 51 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 52 sisters | nummod |
| 52 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 princess | conj |
| 53 | with | with | ADP | _ | 55 eagle | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 eagle | det |
| 55 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 sisters | nmod |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 crow | cc |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 crow | det |
| 58 | crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 eagle | conj |
| 59 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 64 plausible | cop |
| 60 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 64 plausible | nsubj |
| 61 | of | of | ADP | _ | 62 them | case |
| 62 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 all | nmod |
| 63 | equally | equally | ADV | _ | 64 plausible | advmod |
| 64 | plausible | plausible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 is | conj |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 is | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | nothing | Russian folk tale; there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tale=Location | ||||
| 2 | have | gerund | a man not said here | as man's sons | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | Márya | the marriage of Iván with a beautiful princess and crow's two sisters with the eagle and the crow nsubj; equally, plausible property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | marry | Iván | with a beautiful princess and crow's two sisters with the eagle and the crow | nom marriage «state transitive»: of=patient with=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/40/20/