Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 40, sentence 93
_ The name of Potán’ka [in which the ‘n’ and ‘k’ are to be sounded separately as in pin-case], is also found in the Nóvgorod ballads where Potán’ka the Lame is one of the boon companions of Vasíli Busláyevich.
Who acts: Potán’ka · What happens: sound, find, be, name · To what, where: name, Nóvgorod ballads, one, Potán’ka
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Potán’ka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 3 name | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 name | det |
| 3 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sounded | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Potán’ka | case |
| 5 | Potán’ka | Potán'ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 name | nmod |
| 6 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 11 n | punct |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 n | obl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 n | det |
| 10 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 n | punct |
| 11 | n | n | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 Potán’ka | appos |
| 12 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 n | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 k | cc |
| 14 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 15 k | punct |
| 15 | k | k | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 n | conj |
| 16 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 15 k | punct |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 sounded | aux:pass |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 sounded | mark |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 sounded | aux:pass |
| 20 | sounded | sound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 21 | separately | separately | ADV | _ | 20 sounded | advmod |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 26 case | case |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 case | case |
| 24 | pin | pin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 case | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 pin | punct |
| 26 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sounded | obl |
| 27 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 26 case | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 found | punct |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 found | aux:pass |
| 30 | also | also | ADV | _ | 31 found | advmod |
| 31 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 sounded | parataxis |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 ballads | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 ballads | det |
| 34 | Nóvgorod | Nóvgorod | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 ballads | compound |
| 35 | ballads | ballad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 found | obl |
| 36 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 41 one | advmod |
| 37 | Potán’ka | Potán'ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 one | nsubj |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Lame | det |
| 39 | Lame | Lame | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Potán’ka | appos |
| 40 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 one | cop |
| 41 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 ballads | nmod |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 companions | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 companions | det |
| 44 | boon | boon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 companions | compound |
| 45 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 one | nmod |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 Vasíli | case |
| 47 | Vasíli | Vasíli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 companions | nmod |
| 48 | Busláyevich | Busláyevich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 Vasíli | flat |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 sounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | present · passive | the name of Potán’ka | as pin case; separately property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | find | present · passive | the Nóvgorod ballads | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF» | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | Potán’ka | one | of the boon companions of Vasíli | tree rules | |||
| 4 | name | Potán’ka | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/40/93/