Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 41, sentence 23
It is worth observing that in one ballad dealing with Vasíli Buslávich, the hero of Nóvgorod, this semi-comic figure is twitted by the men of Nóvgorod that he will one day turn the Volkhov into _Kvas_ (q.v.): i.e. he will one day set the Thames on fire.
Who acts: mention, one ballad, men, Nóvgorod · What happens: be, observe, deal, twit, turn, set · To what, where: semi-comic figure, one ballad, Volkhov, Kvas, Thames, fire
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 41. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mention, one ballad, men, Nóvgorod), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 worth | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 worth | cop |
| 3 | worth | worth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | observing | observe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 worth | xcomp |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 twitted | mark |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 ballad | case |
| 7 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 ballad | nummod |
| 8 | ballad | ballad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 twitted | obl |
| 9 | dealing | deal | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 ballad | acl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 Vasíli | case |
| 11 | Vasíli | Vasíli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 dealing | obl |
| 12 | Buslávich | Buslávich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Vasíli | flat |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hero | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 hero | det |
| 15 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Vasíli | appos |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Nóvgorod | case |
| 17 | Nóvgorod | Nóvgorod | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 hero | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 ballad | punct |
| 19 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 figure | det |
| 20 | semi-comic | semi-comic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 figure | amod |
| 21 | figure | figure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 twitted | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 twitted | aux:pass |
| 23 | twitted | twit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 observing | advcl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 men | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 men | det |
| 26 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 twitted | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Nóvgorod | case |
| 28 | Nóvgorod | Nóvgorod | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 men | nmod |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 turn | mark |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 turn | nsubj |
| 31 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 turn | aux |
| 32 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 day | nummod |
| 33 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 turn | obl:unmarked |
| 34 | turn | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 worth | advcl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Volkhov | det |
| 36 | Volkhov | Volkhov | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 turn | obj |
| 37 | into | into | ADP | _ | 39 Kvas | case |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 into | punct |
| 39 | Kvas | Kvas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 turn | obl |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 q.v | punct |
| 41 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 42 q.v | punct |
| 42 | q.v | q.v | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 turn | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 worth | punct |
| 44 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 worth | punct |
| 45 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 46 i.e. | punct |
| 46 | i.e. | i.e. | ADV | _ | 3 worth | obj |
| 47 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 set | nsubj |
| 48 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 51 set | aux |
| 49 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 50 day | nummod |
| 50 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 set | obl:unmarked |
| 51 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 i.e. | acl:relcl |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 Thames | det |
| 53 | Thames | Thames | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 set | obj |
| 54 | on | on | ADP | _ | 55 fire | case |
| 55 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 set | obl |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 worth | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | mention | worth property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | observe | gerund | mention not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | deal | gerund | one ballad not said here | with Vasíli | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with vasíli=Theme | ||||
| 4 | twit | present · passive | the men of Nóvgorod | this semi-comic figure | one ballad | tree rules | |||
| 5 | turn | future | Nóvgorod | the Volkhov | day | into Kvas result; q.v obl | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent volkhov=Theme into kvas=Result | ||
| 6 | set | future | Nóvgorod | the Thames | fire | day | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent thames=Theme on fire=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/41/23/