Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 107
He then listened to what the birds were saying, and told the King, “Your Majesty, you see that there are three flying here, the Crow, Madam Crow, and Master Crow: the Crow is disputing with his wife as to which of them the son belongs, whether to the father or to the mother; and they are asking for a decision.
Who acts: Crow, birds, King, three · What happens: listen, say, tell, see, be, fly · To what, where: King, Master Crow, Crow · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crow, birds, King, three), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 listened | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 listened | advmod |
| 3 | listened | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 what | case |
| 5 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 listened | obl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 birds | det |
| 7 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 saying | nsubj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 saying | aux |
| 9 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 what | acl:relcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 told | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 told | cc |
| 12 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 listened | parataxis |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 King | det |
| 14 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 told | iobj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Majesty | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 Majesty | punct |
| 17 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 Majesty | nmod:poss |
| 18 | Majesty | majesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 King | appos |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 see | punct |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 see | nsubj |
| 21 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 told | conj |
| 22 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 are | mark |
| 23 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 24 are | expl |
| 24 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 see | ccomp |
| 25 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 are | nsubj |
| 26 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 three | acl |
| 27 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 flying | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Crow | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Crow | det |
| 30 | Crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 flying | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Crow | punct |
| 32 | Madam | Madam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Crow | compound |
| 33 | Crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Crow | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 Crow | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 Crow | cc |
| 36 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Crow | compound |
| 37 | Crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 see | obl |
| 38 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 42 disputing | punct |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 Crow | det |
| 40 | Crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 disputing | nsubj |
| 41 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 disputing | aux |
| 42 | disputing | dispute | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 Crow | conj |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 wife | case |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 wife | nmod:poss |
| 45 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 disputing | obl |
| 46 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 53 belongs | mark |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 as | fixed |
| 48 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 53 belongs | nsubj |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 them | case |
| 50 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 belongs | obl |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 son | det |
| 52 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 belongs | nsubj |
| 53 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 disputing | advcl |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 father | punct |
| 55 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 58 father | mark |
| 56 | to | to | ADP | _ | 58 father | case |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 father | det |
| 58 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 disputing | advcl |
| 59 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 62 mother | cc |
| 60 | to | to | ADP | _ | 62 mother | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 mother | det |
| 62 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 father | conj |
| 63 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 67 asking | punct |
| 64 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 67 asking | cc |
| 65 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 67 asking | nsubj |
| 66 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 67 asking | aux |
| 67 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 listened | advcl |
| 68 | for | for | ADP | _ | 70 decision | case |
| 69 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 70 decision | det |
| 70 | decision | decision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 asking | obl |
| 71 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 listened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | listen | past | Crow | then | what obl | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to what=Theme | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past · progressive | the birds | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past | the King | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent king=Recipient | |||||
| 4 | see in a quote | present | the King = king | Master Crow | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | be in a quote | present | three | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | fly in a quote | gerund | the Crow and Madam Crow | here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | dispute in a quote | present · progressive | the Crow | with Crow's wife; the father or the mother advcl | vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with wife=Co-Agent | ||||
| 8 | belong in a quote | present | of King; which nsubj; the son nsubj | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | ask speech: ask in a quote | present · progressive | King | for a decision | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/6/107/