Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 24
The Tsar, the little sun, appeared, saw the old man with his three daughters, two tied by the hands, and the third daughter like a spring flower, the light of Paradise in her eyes, with the dawn on her face, tears flowing in her eyes, falling like pearls.
Who acts: Tsar, tears · What happens: appear, see, tie, flow, fall, light · To what, where: third daughter, eyes, old man, Paradise
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Tsar | det |
| 2 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 appeared | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 sun | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 sun | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 sun | amod |
| 6 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Tsar | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Tsar | punct |
| 8 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 saw | punct |
| 10 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 appeared | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 man | det |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 man | amod |
| 13 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 saw | obj |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 daughters | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 daughters | nmod:poss |
| 16 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 daughters | nummod |
| 17 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 man | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 two | punct |
| 19 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 saw | obl |
| 20 | tied | tie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 two | acl |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 hands | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 hands | det |
| 23 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 tied | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 daughter | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 daughter | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 daughter | det |
| 27 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 28 daughter | amod |
| 28 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 appeared | obl |
| 29 | like | like | ADP | _ | 32 flower | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 flower | det |
| 31 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 flower | compound |
| 32 | flower | flower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 daughter | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 light | punct |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 light | det |
| 35 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 daughter | conj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 Paradise | case |
| 37 | Paradise | paradise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 light | nmod |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 eyes | case |
| 39 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 40 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 appeared | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 dawn | punct |
| 42 | with | with | ADP | _ | 44 dawn | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 dawn | det |
| 44 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 appeared | obl |
| 45 | on | on | ADP | _ | 47 face | case |
| 46 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 face | nmod:poss |
| 47 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 dawn | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 tears | punct |
| 49 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 dawn | conj |
| 50 | flowing | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 49 tears | acl |
| 51 | in | in | ADP | _ | 53 eyes | case |
| 52 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 53 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 flowing | obl |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 falling | punct |
| 55 | falling | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 50 flowing | conj |
| 56 | like | like | ADP | _ | 57 pearls | case |
| 57 | pearls | pearl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 falling | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 appeared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | past | the Tsar | the third daughter like a spring flower and the light of Paradise | Tsar's eyes | dawn | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in eye=Location | ||
| 2 | see | past | the Tsar not said here | the old man | with man's three daughters; two obl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | tie | participle | by the hands | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | flow | gerund | tears not said here | Tsar's eyes | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in eye=Location | ||||
| 5 | fall | gerund | tears not said here | like pearls | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | light | Paradise | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/6/24/