Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 78
In a certain city there was a merchant and his wife and their son, who was wise beyond his years; he was called Vasíli.
Who acts: son · What happens: be, call · To what, where: merchant, certain city, cock · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 city | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 city | det |
| 3 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 city | amod |
| 4 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 merchant | obl |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 was | expl |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 merchant | cop |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 merchant | det |
| 8 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 wife | cc |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 wife | nmod:poss |
| 11 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 merchant | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 son | cc |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 son | nmod:poss |
| 14 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 merchant | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 wise | punct |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 wise | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 wise | cop |
| 18 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 son | acl:relcl |
| 19 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 21 years | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 years | nmod:poss |
| 21 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 wise | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 called | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 called | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 called | aux:pass |
| 25 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 merchant | parataxis |
| 26 | Vasíli | Vasíli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 called | xcomp |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 merchant | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | a merchant and cock's wife and wife's son | a certain city | cock's wife conj; wife's son conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | wife's son | year | wise property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | call | past · passive | cock | Vasíli xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/6/78/