Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 6, sentence 90
And a storm arose at once, and the masts were shattered, and the sails torn down.
Who acts: storm, masts · What happens: arise, be, tear down · To what, where: sails
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (storm, masts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 arose | cc |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 storm | det |
| 3 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 arose | nsubj |
| 4 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 once | case |
| 6 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 4 arose | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 shattered | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 shattered | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 masts | det |
| 10 | masts | mast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 shattered | nsubj |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 shattered | cop |
| 12 | shattered | shattered | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 arose | advcl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 torn | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 torn | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 sails | det |
| 16 | sails | sail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 torn | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | torn | tear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 arose | conj |
| 18 | down | down | ADP | _ | 17 torn | compound:prt |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 arose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arise | past | a storm | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location | |||||
| 2 | is | past | the masts | shattered property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | tear down | participle · passive | the sails | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/6/90/