Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 20
So the old man went into the fields and saw forty ricks standing.
Who acts: old man, forty ricks · What happens: go, see, stand · To what, where: fields, forty ricks
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, forty ricks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 5 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 3 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 man | amod |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | nsubj |
| 5 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 fields | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 fields | det |
| 8 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 went | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 saw | cc |
| 10 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | conj |
| 11 | forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 ricks | nummod |
| 12 | ricks | rick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 saw | obj |
| 13 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 ricks | acl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the old man | the fields | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into field=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | see | past | the old man not said here | forty ricks | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rick=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | stand | gerund | forty ricks not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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