Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 38
Next morning the old man heard neighing outside his door, and wondered what the noise was, and there was his son Zamorýshek with the entire drove.
Who acts: old man, noise, son · What happens: hear, neigh, wonder, be, drive
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, noise, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 morning | amod |
| 2 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 man | det |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 man | amod |
| 5 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | neighing | neigh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 heard | xcomp |
| 8 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 10 door | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 door | nmod:poss |
| 10 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 neighing | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 wondered | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 wondered | cc |
| 13 | wondered | wonder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | conj |
| 14 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 wondered | obj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 noise | det |
| 16 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 what | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 what | cop |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 was | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 was | cc |
| 20 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 21 was | expl |
| 21 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 drove | advcl |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 son | nmod:poss |
| 23 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 was | nsubj |
| 24 | Zamorýshek | Zamorýshek | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 son | appos |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 entire | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 entire | det |
| 27 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 drove | obl |
| 28 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the old man | morning | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | neigh | gerund | the old man not said here | outside horse's door | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | wonder speech: ask | past | the old man not said here | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | the noise | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | be | past | horse's son | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | drive | past | the old man not said here | with the entire | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/38/