Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 75
They had two sons, who were very young and as yet of no use for field work.
Who acts: man, two sons · What happens: have, be · To what, where: two sons
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, two sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 sons | nummod |
| 4 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 had | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 young | punct |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 young | nsubj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 young | cop |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 young | advmod |
| 9 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sons | amod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 use | cc |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 yet | case |
| 12 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 15 use | advmod |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 use | case |
| 14 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 15 use | det |
| 15 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 young | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 work | case |
| 17 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 work | compound |
| 18 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 use | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | man | two sons | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is | past | two sons | no use for field work conj; young property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/7/75/