Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 8, sentence 118
He stopped the wayfarer, took the letter, and held it for one minute, and the letter was changed in all it said.
Who acts: foundling, letter · What happens: stop, take, hold, change, say · To what, where: wayfarer, letter, all · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foundling, letter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 stopped | nsubj |
| 2 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 wayfarer | det |
| 4 | wayfarer | wayfarer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 stopped | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 took | punct |
| 6 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stopped | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 letter | det |
| 8 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 took | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 held | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 held | cc |
| 11 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stopped | conj |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 held | obj |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 minute | case |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 minute | nummod |
| 15 | minute | minute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 held | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 changed | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 changed | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 letter | det |
| 19 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 changed | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 changed | aux:pass |
| 21 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 stopped | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 all | case |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 changed | obl |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 said | nsubj |
| 25 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 all | acl:relcl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stopped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | past | foundling | the wayfarer | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector wayfarer=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | take | past | foundling not said here | the letter | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hold | past | foundling not said here | letter | minute | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 4 | change | past · passive | the letter | all | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | letter | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/8/118/