Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 8, sentence 77
He tied the apprentice to the tail of horses, and the horses broke in every direction and scattered his bones over the fields.
Who acts: story, horses · What happens: tie, break, scatter · To what, where: apprentice, direction, bones, fields
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 tied | nsubj |
| 2 | tied | tie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 apprentice | det |
| 4 | apprentice | apprentice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 tied | obj |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 tail | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 tail | det |
| 7 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 tied | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 horses | case |
| 9 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 tail | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 broke | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 broke | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 horses | det |
| 13 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 broke | nsubj |
| 14 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 tied | conj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 direction | case |
| 16 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 direction | det |
| 17 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 broke | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 scattered | cc |
| 19 | scattered | scatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 broke | conj |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 bones | nmod:poss |
| 21 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 scattered | obj |
| 22 | over | over | ADP | _ | 24 fields | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 fields | det |
| 24 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 scattered | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 tied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tie | past | story | the apprentice | to the tail of horses | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent apprentice=Patient to tail=Co-Patient | |||
| 2 | break | past | the horses | every direction | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Location | ||||
| 3 | scatter | past | the horses not said here | story's bones | the fields | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bone=Theme over field=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/8/77/